During the COVID-19 pandemic, advanced technologies offered by Industry 4.0 (I4.0) and sustainable supply chain (SSC) practices have acquired much momentum as they can help to build a sustainable and exclusive modern supply chain. Sustainable practices such as the circular economy (CE), green supply chain management (GSCM), etc., are considered a blessing for the traditional business environment, which is highly susceptible to environmental pollution and massive waste generation. Previous studies have investigated the direct role of advanced technologies on performance and practices; however, the integrated effects of these technologies and sustainable practices on performance and the mediating role of these practices on the linkage between I4.0 and SSC performance have not been explored. This study has proposed a second-order hierarchical component model to address this gap, and the hypotheses were assessed statistically using the partial least square-based structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) approach.